BlogBlogA post on somebody's own site or a community platform. Nobody edits it after publication, so it dates from the day it was written.See every one →SAP Community
Testing your CAP HANA Artifacts with jest – including multitenancy, hdbprocedure and hdbview
cds.test covers the service; this covers what is underneath it, where the artifact is an hdbprocedure or an hdbview that CDS never sees. That means a real HDI container, so most of the post is about where to get one and how to give CAP access to it — the tests are the easy part once that is true.
Where it sits
Explains
TestingCAPTestingProving the service still does what it did — against the model and the handlers, without a deployed system and without a database somebody has to keep clean.MultitenancyCAPMultitenancyServing many tenants from one deployment — onboarding, tenant-isolated data, per-tenant schema deployment and the operational tooling around it. It is decided once, before anything is built, and narrows the artifacts in almost every capability downstream: most sharply in [caching](capability:caching) and anything else holding state in process.Database connectorsCAPBTPDatabase connectorsConnecting an application’s data model and queries to a database, including the differences in supported queries, types and schema management between database implementations. Changing an existing schema belongs to [schema evolution](capability:schema-evolution).
Since then
Testing has changed 3 times since this was published, most recently in @cap-js/cds-test 1.0.0, 2026-04-23
Source
reachable
Who is behind it
Tristanauthor
Before you read it
read from the pageApplicabilityCore changedTesting has changed 3 times since this was published, most recently in @cap-js/cds-test 1.0.0, 2026-04-23.
This is a derived prompt to re-check the work, not a claim that the work is wrong. Exact stale statements are recorded separately after editorial review.
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7
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12
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3
For testing
Applies in
For multitenancy
Applies in
For database-connectors
Applies in
Group by81 of 81 pieces
Piece, what it offersStill applies
Bridging Python and SAP HANA: Inside the sqlalchemy-hana Open-Source DialectBridging Python and SAP HANA: Inside the sqlalchemy-hana Open-Source DialectA Devtoberfest 2026 data-track session (DAT-21) in which one of the maintainers of sqlalchemy-hana, the open-source SQLAlchemy dialect published in SAP's GitHub organisation, opens up what sits between Python and SAP HANA. It walks the five dialect classes that render statements, types, DDL, identifiers and sequences, and the HANA specifics they absorb: the FROM DUMMY a bare SELECT needs, a limit injected when only an offset is given, string compiled to NVARCHAR, and quoted case-sensitive identifiers against Python's lowercase. The rest covers schema migrations with Alembic on HANA's transactional DDL, the recently added async support and vector types, and that HANA Cloud and HANA 2 are supported while HANA 1 is not.SAP Developers, published 2026-09-29
CAP Foundry: Engineering SAP CAP Applications from Business Intent with Guardrailed AICAP Foundry: Engineering SAP CAP Applications from Business Intent with Guardrailed AICAP Foundry is a prototype that generates a CAP Node.js project with SAP Fiori elements from a written business requirement, discovering the actual data shape from a chosen source — SQLite, a configured SAP HANA HDI container, offline EDMX, live OData through the SAP Destination service, or approved SAP BTP ABAP objects — instead of inventing one. The generated application can carry a Fiori draft lifecycle with optimistic concurrency via ETags and annotation-driven Fiori elements list and object screens, localized independently of the underlying service contract. Attachments can be added with upload, download and delete, gated on a malware-scan status, and the generated project still has to compile, build and pass its generated tests before the run is accepted.Shahid, published 2026-08-20
Connect SAP CAP (Node.js) to On-Premise/Private PostgreSQL using SAP Cloud ConnectorConnect SAP CAP (Node.js) to On-Premise/Private PostgreSQL using SAP Cloud ConnectorAn end-to-end route from a CAP Node.js application on Cloud Foundry to a PostgreSQL database that is never made publicly reachable, over BTP Connectivity and the Cloud Connector using a TCP destination and SOCKS5. The part worth having is that it covers the deployer as well as the server: the generated PostgreSQL deployer has to reach the same private database to deploy the CDS model, and a guide that only connects the runtime leaves you with a schema you cannot install.Kalaikovan, published 2026-08-07
Connect SAP CAP (Node.js) to On-Premise/Private PostgreSQL using SAP Cloud Connector
Database connectors changed in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe.
How to Restrict CRUD Operations in SAP CAPM Using @Capabilities, @readonly and Test APIs with .httpHow to Restrict CRUD Operations in SAP CAPM Using @Capabilities, @readonly and Test APIs with .httpEntities are exposed with full CRUD by default, and this is how to take operations away again — @Capabilities for Insert, Update and Delete individually, @readonly for the blunt version. Tested with .http files rather than a UI, which keeps the check on the service.DeepaRagho, published 2026-05-22
From Concept to action: Hands-On with the CAP Operator and the Partner Reference ApplicationFrom Concept to action: Hands-On with the CAP Operator and the Partner Reference ApplicationThe CAP Operator applied to a real application rather than a sample of its own — SAP's Partner Reference Application, taken from plugin integration through containerisation to custom resources. The transition to CRDs is the part that repays attention: it is where the deployment stops being an mta and becomes Kubernetes.ChristianWeiss, published 2026-05-21
Fullstack CAP Application with HANA Cloud (Decoupled Architecture) [Part-4]Fullstack CAP Application with HANA Cloud (Decoupled Architecture) [Part-4]The switch from SQLite to HANA and the first deploy of the back end to Cloud Foundry — the point in the series where the persistence stops being a file and the build starts producing HDI artifacts.sanjucs, published 2026-05-12
Fullstack CAP Application with HANA Cloud (Decoupled Architecture) [Part-4]
Database connectors changed in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe.
Fullstack CAP Application with HANA Cloud (Decoupled Architecture) [Part-3]Fullstack CAP Application with HANA Cloud (Decoupled Architecture) [Part-3]The cloud database appears: a HANA Cloud instance created on BTP and mapped to a Cloud Foundry space. No application code — this is the part where the platform has to be right before the next part can connect to it.sanjucs, published 2026-05-08
Building a SaaS Multitenant Application Using SAP CAP Framework — Without a DatabaseBuilding a SaaS Multitenant Application Using SAP CAP Framework — Without a DatabaseMultitenancy with the database taken out, which is a useful way to see what is left: the approuter and its tenant host pattern, the XSUAA instance in shared tenant mode, and the SaaS Registry binding that makes a subscription happen. Everything here is subscription lifecycle and routing, so the parts that are usually entangled with HDI container provisioning are visible on their own.DebashishDas, published 2026-05-06
Fullstack CAP Application with HANA Cloud (Decoupled Architecture) [Part-1]Fullstack CAP Application with HANA Cloud (Decoupled Architecture) [Part-1]The first of six, and it does the thing the later parts depend on: build the Incident Management application against SQLite on a laptop, with no cloud database in sight. The series is called decoupled because the front end and the back end are deployed separately, and this part is entirely the back end.sanjucs, published 2026-05-06
Fullstack CAP Application with HANA Cloud (Decoupled Architecture) [Part-1]
Database connectors changed in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Building a CAP App with Fiori Integration – Part 1: Environment & HANA Cloud SetupBuilding a CAP App with Fiori Integration – Part 1: Environment & HANA Cloud SetupA trial account taken from nothing to a CAPM project with a HANA Cloud instance behind it. Everything here is prerequisites, which the author says outright — the application is in the parts that follow.SuryaRamesh, published 2026-04-08
SAP CAP on HANA XSA: Scaling Industrial Data Applications Beyond the CloudSAP CAP on HANA XSA: Scaling Industrial Data Applications Beyond the CloudCAP on HANA 2.0 XSA rather than on BTP — on-premise, and chosen for throughput. Mass ingestion through native stored procedures, which is the point at which CDS stops being the right tool and the post says so.rgadirov, published 2026-03-09
SAP CAP on HANA XSA: Scaling Industrial Data Applications Beyond the Cloud
Database connectors changed in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects Runnable code.
Part 2: Creating and Deploying a CAP Application with PostgreSQL, Hyperscaler OptionPart 2: Creating and Deploying a CAP Application with PostgreSQL, Hyperscaler OptionThe middle of a series that runs from database to Work Zone: the CAP application from part one pointed at PostgreSQL on the hyperscaler option, and deployed. The service binding and the build are where it spends its time.yashbhosle789, published 2026-03-04
Part 2: Creating and Deploying a CAP Application with PostgreSQL, Hyperscaler Option
Database connectors changed in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe.
Part 1: Creating and Deploying a SAP CAP Application with SAP HANA on SAP BTP (Cloud Foundry)Part 1: Creating and Deploying a SAP CAP Application with SAP HANA on SAP BTP (Cloud Foundry)Opens with the observation the whole series rests on — CAP is usually demonstrated locally, and the interesting part starts when it is deployed. Part one of the run that continues into PostgreSQL and Work Zone.yashbhosle789, published 2026-02-25
Part 1: Creating and Deploying a SAP CAP Application with SAP HANA on SAP BTP (Cloud Foundry)
Database connectors changed in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe.
Part 2: Runtime Architecture & Cost efficiency gainsPart 2: Runtime Architecture & Cost efficiency gainsThe technical half of the Kyma Evolution series: why a cluster tuned for CAP multitenancy is not just somewhere to run containers, and where the cost efficiency actually comes from.ChristianWeiss, published 2026-02-04
Kyma Evolution: Transforming SAP Kyma into a tailor-made SaaS Platform for sbs extensionsKyma Evolution: Transforming SAP Kyma into a tailor-made SaaS Platform for sbs extensionsWritten by an extensibility expert building against Cloud ERP under clean core, and it treats Kyma as something to shape rather than to adopt — what has to be added to the runtime before it is a SaaS platform for CAP extensions. The Partner Reference Application post is the hands-on sequel.ChristianWeiss, published 2026-02-03
Setting Up PostgreSQL for SAP BTP Development: A Practical GuideSetting Up PostgreSQL for SAP BTP Development: A Practical GuideOpens with the premise the rest of this bucket mostly assumes away — not every BTP application needs HANA Cloud — and then sets up PostgreSQL on the hyperscaler option. Part one of a series that continues into XSUAA.michal_majer, published 2026-01-20
Create a CAP Application with SAP HANA Cloud from Scratch and Deploy to Cloud FoundryCreate a CAP Application with SAP HANA Cloud from Scratch and Deploy to Cloud FoundryThe whole lifecycle in one post rather than a series — model, service, HANA binding, build, deploy. Useful as a single reference for the order things have to happen in, which is the part that is easy to get wrong when it is spread over six posts.MaheshSirsat1708, published 2025-11-19
Create a CAP Application with SAP HANA Cloud from Scratch and Deploy to Cloud Foundry
Database connectors changed in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe.
Creating a Hybrid CAP (Node.js) Profile with PostgreSQL on BTP from Business Application StudioCreating a Hybrid CAP (Node.js) Profile with PostgreSQL on BTP from Business Application StudioHybrid testing is documented for HANA; this is the same profile against a PostgreSQL instance on BTP, driven from a BAS dev space rather than a laptop. Proposed under editor support because of where it runs, but the subject is the binding: what cds bind writes, and what has to be true of the service instance and the tunnel for a local process to reach it.valentincadart, published 2025-10-02
Creating a Hybrid CAP (Node.js) Profile with PostgreSQL on BTP from Business Application Studio
Database connectors changed in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects Runnable code.
Enhancing Unit Testing in SAP CAP Java Applications with GitHub CopilotEnhancing Unit Testing in SAP CAP Java Applications with GitHub CopilotBuilt on SAP's own CAP Java unit-testing guide, and the question is narrow: how much of that does an assistant actually write for you. The author's own getting-started post is the one to read first.Anjali_Pathak, published 2025-09-04
Getting Started with Unit Testing in SAP CAP Java ApplicationsGetting Started with Unit Testing in SAP CAP Java ApplicationsThe plain introduction: what the CAP Java framework gives you to test against, and how to start. Prerequisite to the same author's Copilot post.Anjali_Pathak, published 2025-07-28
Getting Started with Unit Testing in SAP CAP Java Applications
Testing changed in @cap-js/cds-test 1.0.0, 2026-04-23. Affects Runnable code.
Lets Talk to the Database - CAP & SQLite Powered by Google Gemini-2.5-ProLets Talk to the Database - CAP & SQLite Powered by Google Gemini-2.5-ProNatural language against a CAP service on SQLite, with a non-SAP model doing the translation. Written as a learning exercise rather than a pattern, and the choice of Gemini over anything in the AI hub is the interesting part of it.ShivamShuklaSAP, published 2025-04-16
SAP CAP With Prostgres Serice in BTPSAP CAP With Prostgres Serice in BTPA step-by-step walkthrough of a CAP bookshop project on @cap-js/postgres, provisioning PostgreSQL on SAP BTP, hyperscaler option's trial plan through mta.yaml, building the MTA archive and deploying it to Cloud Foundry by hand, then inspecting the deployed database with pgAdmin over an SSH tunnel. It updates an earlier post by Mike Zaschka on the same topic to the package CAP now ships by default, though the manual build-and-deploy sequence it shows predates cds up folding those steps into one command by a day.satya-dev, published 2025-03-30
CAP multitenancy with Work ZoneCAP multitenancy with Work ZoneA gap in the tooling and the manual edit that closes it. cds add portal wires the Portal service, which is deprecated; Work Zone supports multitenancy but has no equivalent command. The author runs the portal command anyway and then rewrites the resource and module config in mta.yaml to point at Work Zone. Short, and honest that it is a workaround rather than a supported path.published 2025-03-14
Using HANA Cloud’s "VECTOR_EMBEDDING" Function in CAPUsing HANA Cloud’s "VECTOR_EMBEDDING" Function in CAPEmbeddings generated inside the database rather than fetched from AI Core or an external model — a Q4 2024 HANA Cloud function, used from CAP. The shift it describes is where the embedding step lives, which changes what has to be deployed and what has to be called.published 2025-03-02
Multitenant SaaS Application using CAPMultitenant SaaS Application using CAPSAP's reference architecture for a multitenant SaaS application on BTP built with CAP: one deployment serving many tenants with logically separated data, the subscription and onboarding flow, and the BTP services the design leans on. Written for partners and line-of-business teams building on BTP, and it is SAP's own side of the shape multitenancy takes on BTP.published 2025-01-31
SAP CAP Lessons Learned: SQLite is single threaded, HANA is notSAP CAP Lessons Learned: SQLite is single threaded, HANA is notA page long, and one of the more useful pages here: the local database serialises what the deployed one runs in parallel, so concurrency bugs are invisible until they are not. Filed by the author as something the tutorials do not make clear.LucasMagriniRigo, published 2025-01-22
Developing CAP java/node.js mixed mono Multitenant SaaS Applications with Shared DatabaseDeveloping CAP java/node.js mixed mono Multitenant SaaS Applications with Shared DatabaseTwo CAP projects, one Java and one Node.js, in one npm workspace sharing a single tenant database. The interesting part is which sidecar wins: both sub-projects get an MTX sidecar, both have cds.xt.SaasProvisioningService switched off, and a third onboarding project keeps provisioning to itself. Configuration listings rather than prose, and it assumes you already know why you would want this.xuelong, published 2025-01-08
Developing CAP java/node.js mixed mono Multitenant SaaS Applications with Shared Database
@sap/cds-mtxs has been through 2 major lines since this was published: 3 (2025-06), 4 (2026-06). Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
SAP CAP Lessons Learned: Run a CAP app using SQLite on SAP BTP - Cloud FoundrySAP CAP Lessons Learned: Run a CAP app using SQLite on SAP BTP - Cloud FoundrySQLite past the point it is meant to go — deployed, not local. Written as a lesson learned rather than a recommendation, and it pairs with the author's own note that SQLite is single threaded.LucasMagriniRigo, published 2024-12-30
Event-Driven Multi-Tenant Architecture on SAP BTP with CAP and SAP Event MeshEvent-Driven Multi-Tenant Architecture on SAP BTP with CAP and SAP Event MeshThe two topics that are usually written about separately, taken together — because a shared broker is where tenant isolation stops being automatic. It starts from why microservices are decoupled at all, places Event Mesh among the four broker services BTP offers, and then works through what changes when the publisher and the consumer are multitenant.ale_biagi, published 2024-12-19
Configure an SAP CAP Application to Connect to an SAP HANA Cloud Database in Another Global Account or SubaccountConfigure an SAP CAP Application to Connect to an SAP HANA Cloud Database in Another Global Account or SubaccountThe case the tooling does not cover: the database is in a different global account, so there is no HDI container to bind and cds deploy cannot do its usual job. Written for exactly that, and it says so in the subtitle — without HDI.JhoelAnthonyRamosRomeroPE, published 2024-10-08
SQLite as database for a multi-target (/productive) CAP ApplicationSQLite as database for a multi-target (/productive) CAP ApplicationOpens with "Not recommended but possible", and then names the two cases where it is the right call anyway: a showcase, and a landscape with no HANA Cloud available. The caveat is the content.Christopher_Ketzler, published 2024-07-05
SQLite as database for a multi-target (/productive) CAP Application
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Using Postgresql Database in Cloud Application Programming modelUsing Postgresql Database in Cloud Application Programming modelA straight run through the official PostgreSQL guide with the steps spelled out, from initialising the server onward. Says as much itself — it follows the documentation rather than departing from it, which makes it the plainest of the PostgreSQL entries here.published 2024-05-14
Using Postgresql Database in Cloud Application Programming model
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Sharing SAP HANA Cloud instance to multiple subaccounts and creating HDI containersSharing SAP HANA Cloud instance to multiple subaccounts and creating HDI containersOne HANA Cloud instance, several subaccounts, an HDI container created from each — the arrangement that keeps a landscape from paying for a database per subaccount. Written against a CAP project, so the container mapping is shown from the side that has to consume it.published 2024-03-23
Sharing SAP HANA Cloud instance to multiple subaccounts and creating HDI containers
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects Runnable code.
2024/01最新版！Productivity Toolsを使ったCAPバックエンド開発②~HANA Cloud編~2024/01最新版！Productivity Toolsを使ったCAPバックエンド開発②~HANA Cloud編~In Japanese, and the second of a pair — database connection through to calling the API from outside, with authorisation in between. The author dates the screenshots explicitly and warns that the UI may have moved since, which is the right disclaimer for a click-through guide.takayuki_tanaka, published 2024-01-09
2024/01最新版！Productivity Toolsを使ったCAPバックエンド開発②~HANA Cloud編~
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe.
CAP PostgreSql setup local debugging using Docker - Part 2CAP PostgreSql setup local debugging using Docker - Part 2PostgreSQL in a container so the local loop matches the deployed one — the thing SQLite quietly stops you doing. Short, and it assumes the project from part one already runs.ramonlee5, published 2023-11-22
CAP PostgreSql setup local debugging using Docker - Part 2
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe.
CAP full-stack testing with BDD flavourCAP full-stack testing with BDD flavourIntroduces Behavior-Driven Development for CAP applications: specifications written in Gherkin against a running app, validated by Cucumber, using cds-cucumber's ready-made step definitions for SAP Fiori elements and OData screens. The library handles service lifecycle — starting the app, assigning a port, driving the browser and authenticating a named user — and its OData steps know the service's entities and fields from the CDS model itself, so a scenario can open a list report, search it and assert row counts without hand-written glue code.published 2023-10-10
CAP with PostgreSQL DB alternate to HANA Cloud DB - Part 1CAP with PostgreSQL DB alternate to HANA Cloud DB - Part 1Bootstrapping a CAP project on PostgreSQL, framed as a choice that depends on the client rather than on the technology. Short, and part two is where it gets debuggable.ramonlee5, published 2023-10-10
Exposing Calculation View with Dynamic Client via OData APIExposing Calculation View with Dynamic Client via OData APIGetting a HANA Cloud calculation view — built in Business Application Studio and deployed to an HDI container, which is the recommended way to build native HANA artifacts — out through an OData API. The gap it fills is the one between HANA-native development and a service a client can call, which CAP does not cover for artifacts it did not generate.published 2023-10-04
Open Sourcing CAP – how to learn more or get involvedOpen Sourcing CAP – how to learn more or get involvedA roundup of CAP's open-sourcing, begun at TechEd the year before, pointing to a webinar recording, a podcast episode and reCAP 2023 talks for background. Among the components it names are a feature toggle library giving Node.js CAP apps live-updatable toggles backed by Redis, a new pluggable database layer with SQLite and PostgreSQL implementations plus a generic SQL layer, and a change tracking component that builds a change history for data from CDS models.Fempel, published 2023-10-02
Multitenant SaaS applications on SAP BTP using CAP - The Reloaded Version!Multitenant SaaS applications on SAP BTP using CAP - The Reloaded Version!An announcement rather than a tutorial, and it is the one that changes how the rest of the series should be read: the Cloud Foundry and Kyma code lines and their documentation were merged into a single sample, so the runtime becomes a choice inside one repository instead of a fork in the reading path.martinfrick, published 2023-08-09
Hybrid testing using PostgreSQL on SAP BTP, hyperscaler optionHybrid testing using PostgreSQL on SAP BTP, hyperscaler optionA short note rather than a guide — the author says they came across the feature reading someone else's post on PostgreSQL with Kyma. Hybrid testing against a real PostgreSQL instance, which until then people assumed meant HANA.martinfrick, published 2023-08-08
SAP CAP (Java) with Amazon Aurora PostgreSQLSAP CAP (Java) with Amazon Aurora PostgreSQLPostgreSQL, but the hyperscaler's own managed global database rather than BTP's option — Aurora, from CAP Java. One of a pair published the same day, the other being Azure's equivalent.shanthakumar_krishnaswamy, published 2023-08-02
SAP CAP (Java) with Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
SAP CAP (Java) with Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQLSAP CAP (Java) with Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQLThe Azure half of the pair: Cosmos DB speaking PostgreSQL, used from CAP Java. Same shape as the Aurora post, and reading both is how you see what is actually portable between them.shanthakumar_krishnaswamy, published 2023-08-02
SAP CAP (Java) with Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQL
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Run and Deploy SAP CAP (Java) with PostgreSQL using Official Database Adapter @cap-js/postgresRun and Deploy SAP CAP (Java) with PostgreSQL using Official Database Adapter @cap-js/postgresThe post that records a handover. The author's earlier writing relied on the community projects cds-pg and cds-dbm; this one states that both were deprecated in favour of the official PostgreSQL support arriving with @sap/cds 7, and rewrites the path around @cap-js/postgres. For CAP Java it takes a different route to the initial schema.sql than the Node.js case, and it is candid that automatic schema deployment is convenient but not always what you want. Dated evidence for why two artifacts here went quiet.shanthakumar_krishnaswamy, published 2023-08-02
Run and Deploy SAP CAP (Java) with PostgreSQL using Official Database Adapter @cap-js/postgres
cds 7, line ended. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Lets Deep dive into CAPM and HANA Cloud --> HANACapLets Deep dive into CAPM and HANA Cloud --> HANACapShort, and framed as what the author does day to day on BTP rather than as a tutorial: where CAPM meets HANA Cloud and which pieces have to agree.shivamshukla12, published 2023-07-16
Lets Deep dive into CAPM and HANA Cloud --> HANACap
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects Runnable code.
Run and Deploy SAP CAP (Node.js or Java) with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud FoundryRun and Deploy SAP CAP (Node.js or Java) with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud FoundryBoth runtimes in one walkthrough, and it stops on schema evolution — which is the reason to read it rather than one of the several other PostgreSQL posts here, since that is where the PostgreSQL story diverges from HANA's and the deploy stops being automatic.TiaXu, published 2023-07-12
Run and Deploy SAP CAP (Node.js or Java) with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud Foundry
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
SaaS Self-Onboarding and One-Domain Concept in SAP BTP, Kyma Runtime using CAPSaaS Self-Onboarding and One-Domain Concept in SAP BTP, Kyma Runtime using CAPTwo requirements that only appear once a SaaS application has customers: subscribing a tenant end-to-end without the provider doing it by hand, and serving every tenant from one domain instead of one host per subscriber. Kyma runtime, and the post is a summary pointing at an Expert Feature tutorial in the sample repository — it says so itself, offering a one-minute read as the entry point.martinfrick, published 2023-06-01
SaaS Self-Onboarding and One-Domain Concept in SAP BTP, Kyma Runtime using CAP
Multitenancy changed in @sap/cds 7.0.0, 2023-06-22. Affects Runnable code.
Multitenant SaaS applications on SAP BTP using CAP? SAP BTP, Kyma Runtime!Multitenant SaaS applications on SAP BTP using CAP? SAP BTP, Kyma Runtime!The Kyma counterpart to the Cloud Foundry Tried-and-True series — the same SaaS application, the same requirements, a Kubernetes runtime underneath. The two code lines were later merged, which the Reloaded post announces.martinfrick, published 2023-04-05
Run and Deploy SAP CAP (Java) with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud FoundryRun and Deploy SAP CAP (Java) with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud FoundrySuperseded by its own author: the post now opens with a notice that @sap/cds 7.0.0 brought native PostgreSQL support and that @cap-js/postgres should be used instead of the packages described below. Kept because that notice is the record of when the community adapter stopped being the answer.shanthakumar_krishnaswamy, published 2023-04-04
Run and Deploy SAP CAP (Java) with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud Foundry
cds-pg. Affects Runnable code.
[BTP HANA Cloud Database] : How to access HANA Cloud Database & HDI Container in BTP[BTP HANA Cloud Database] : How to access HANA Cloud Database & HDI Container in BTPGetting at the database your application already deployed to, which sounds trivial until the HDI container is the only thing that has credentials for it. Guidance for the case where the account is already configured and the question is only how to look inside.showkath_naseem, published 2023-01-18
SFSFとHANA Cloudを使用するCAPのアプリケーション開発SFSFとHANA Cloudを使用するCAPのアプリケーション開発In Japanese. A hands-on taking data between SuccessFactors and HANA Cloud through a CAP application — the connection setup, the data and service models, then read and write logic, and a Cloud Foundry deploy. Long enough to carry its own table of contents.rasai, published 2022-12-14
SFSFとHANA Cloudを使用するCAPのアプリケーション開発
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
How to create an API to run a HANA Cloud Stored Procedure in Cloud FoundryHow to create an API to run a HANA Cloud Stored Procedure in Cloud FoundryReaching past CDS to the database's own machinery — built-in algorithms, SQLScript procedures and functions — and putting an API in front of them. Long, and it is the case where the model is not where the logic belongs.gonzalo_hernan_sendra, published 2022-12-08
How to create an API to run a HANA Cloud Stored Procedure in Cloud Foundry
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects Runnable code.
Multitenant SaaS apps on SAP BTP using CAP? Tried-and-True! – The Expert FeaturesMultitenant SaaS apps on SAP BTP using CAP? Tried-and-True! – The Expert FeaturesThe last of the four, and the one carrying the features that are optional until they are not. Each is written up as a self-contained tutorial in the sample repository rather than inline, so the post is a guide to which of them applies to your landscape.martinfrick, published 2022-11-29
Multitenant SaaS apps on SAP BTP using CAP? Tried-and-True! – The Advanced VersionMultitenant SaaS apps on SAP BTP using CAP? Tried-and-True! – The Advanced VersionWhat the basic version leaves out and production needs: central user management, and reaching an on-premise S/4HANA from a subscribed tenant. Framed as a step towards production readiness rather than as production itself, which is the honest reading — the Expert Features post is where the rest of that distance is covered.published 2022-11-21
Upload data from excel in CAP (Node.js)Upload data from excel in CAP (Node.js)Mass upload from a spreadsheet, both halves shown: an entity marked @cds.persistence.skip to receive the file, an INSERT built from the parsed rows, and a list report extended with the upload button that starts it.KM11, published 2022-11-21
Upload data from excel in CAP (Node.js)
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects Runnable code.
Distributed Resiliency of SAP CAP applications using SAP HANA Cloud (Multi-Zone Replication)Distributed Resiliency of SAP CAP applications using SAP HANA Cloud (Multi-Zone Replication)Resilience defined the way an operator would — failures happen in a complex landscape and should go unnoticed by the user — and then what multi-zone replication on HANA Cloud means for the CAP application in front of it.shanthakumar_krishnaswamy, published 2022-11-12
Multitenant SaaS apps on SAP BTP using CAP? Tried-and-True! – The Basic VersionMultitenant SaaS apps on SAP BTP using CAP? Tried-and-True! – The Basic VersionThe version deliberately bounded by what a trial or pay-as-you-go account can hold — the authors point out a PAYG owner can run it for nothing on free-tier services. Scenario first, then the architecture diagram, then a component-by-component walk through what each service in it is for.published 2022-10-24
Multitenant SaaS applications on SAP BTP using CAP? Tried-and-True!Multitenant SaaS applications on SAP BTP using CAP? Tried-and-True!The opening post of the Cloud Foundry series, and the one that states the shape of the whole thing: a sample built out of a partner co-innovation project with BCG, then delivered in three graded versions — Basic, Advanced, Expert Features — against a fictional partner's requirements. Read it for the motivation and the map; the implementation is in the three that follow.martinfrick, published 2022-10-19
Useful CAP CDS and Fiori Commands to Accelerate Development and DeploymentUseful CAP CDS and Fiori Commands to Accelerate Development and DeploymentA command-by-command walkthrough of @sap/cds-dk's cds add and fiori add generators: cds add xsuaa writes an XSUAA security configuration from the CDS model's authorization annotations, and cds add hana together with cds deploy --to hana switches persistence from the default SQLite database to SAP HANA Cloud. cds add mta and fiori add deploy-config, from @sap/generator-fiori, build the Cloud Foundry deployment descriptor together, adding a destination-service block and an xs-app.json that routes the Fiori app's calls through a named destination.TiaXu, published 2022-10-19
How I migrated my on-prem xsa cds3+hana solution to cds6+sqliteHow I migrated my on-prem xsa cds3+hana solution to cds6+sqliteThree major CDS versions and a database swap in one move, done to get an old on-premise XSA application running somewhere cheap. The repository is linked, and the interest is in what broke between cds3 and cds6 rather than in the destination.alex_myakinkii, published 2022-08-07
How I migrated my on-prem xsa cds3+hana solution to cds6+sqlite
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects Runnable code.
Extend SAP SuccessFactors on SAP BTP with CAP - Deploy to SAP HANA CloudExtend SAP SuccessFactors on SAP BTP with CAP - Deploy to SAP HANA CloudThe deployment instalment of the author's SuccessFactors extension series — the project already exists and the imported service is already modelled, so this is only the move onto HANA Cloud. Depends on the two posts before it and says so.ale_biagi, published 2022-03-29
Create a Business Service using CDS, Node.js, SQLite and a OData serviceCreate a Business Service using CDS, Node.js, SQLite and a OData serviceThe stack at its smallest — CDS, Node, SQLite, an OData service — worked through at length. Nothing cloud in it, which is the point: it is the shape of a CAP service before any of the platform arrives.raybanton, published 2021-07-12
Create a Business Service using CDS, Node.js, SQLite and a OData service
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Multitenant Business Applications with CAP | Hands-on Video TutorialsMultitenant Business Applications with CAP | Hands-on Video TutorialsA hands-on video series from the SAP HANA Academy on building multitenant applications with CAP, with the written post as its index. Referenced by other posts here as the more current alternative to their own text.dvankempen, published 2021-06-03
Deploying CAP services with the in-memory SQLite databaseDeploying CAP services with the in-memory SQLite databaseIn-memory, deployed to Cloud Foundry — so the data is gone on restart, on purpose. For a service whose datastore does not need to survive anything, which is a narrower case than it sounds and a real one.liam_mischewski, published 2021-05-24
Multitenant application using Cloud Application Programming Model (CAP)Multitenant application using Cloud Application Programming Model (CAP)A worked multitenant application on the Java SDK with the mtx sidecar beside it — the arrangement where provisioning lives in a separate Node process even when the application is Java. Includes the UI module, so the subscription is visible end to end.former_member733211, published 2021-05-19
Multitenant application using Cloud Application Programming Model (CAP)
Multitenancy has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 7.0.0, 2023-06-22. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
cds deploy to sqlite in-memory databasecds deploy to sqlite in-memory databaseTwo pages on what cds deploy --to sqlite does and what it prints. A reference note rather than an argument, and the shortest entry in this capability.AndrewBarnard, published 2021-04-25
Simple steps to deploy your CAP project to HANA cloudSimple steps to deploy your CAP project to HANA cloudWritten from the far side of a failed deploy — the author says these are the troubleshooting steps that ended up working, not a designed procedure. Short, and honest about being a record rather than a recommendation.OmPrakashJha, published 2021-02-11
SAP BTP Showcase - Use SAP Cloud Application Programming to do Native Development on HANA CloudSAP BTP Showcase - Use SAP Cloud Application Programming to do Native Development on HANA CloudThe fifth of a seven-post showcase, and the one where CAP is used to reach HANA-native artifacts rather than to avoid them. Long, and it sits inside a series whose other parts are about Data Warehouse Cloud and CI/CD.former_member271284, published 2021-01-31
SAP BTP Showcase - Use SAP Cloud Application Programming to do Native Development on HANA Cloud
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
SAP BTP Showcase – SAP Continuous Integration and Delivery (SAP CI&D) for SAP HANA CloudSAP BTP Showcase – SAP Continuous Integration and Delivery (SAP CI&D) for SAP HANA CloudA pipeline for the database half of a CAP application, built with cds add pipeline — one command that writes a Jenkinsfile and a .pipeline folder — and then the mta module that makes a database change deploy itself.gcalixtos, published 2021-01-27
SAP BTP Showcase – SAP Continuous Integration and Delivery (SAP CI&D) for SAP HANA Cloud
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects Runnable code.
SAP Business Application Studio – Using SAP HANA Tools with SAP Cloud Application Programming Model projectsSAP Business Application Studio – Using SAP HANA Tools with SAP Cloud Application Programming Model projectsNative HDB artifacts inside a CAP project — the case where CDS is not enough and something has to be written as a database object. Most of the work is making the two build outputs agree: an HDB module path, a CDS build output directory, and a package.json for the module, before the artifact is added and deployed. Published under an account that has since been closed, so the byline reads Former Member.Former Member, published 2021-01-14
SAP Business Application Studio – Using SAP HANA Tools with SAP Cloud Application Programming Model projects
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
My Learnings in SAP-CAP Using MongoDBMy Learnings in SAP-CAP Using MongoDBCAP against a document database, which the supported list does not include — and the way it gets there is the point. The CDS model and the service definitions stay; the persistence is replaced by handlers calling the mongodb driver, with @sap/cds-odata-v2-adapter-proxy in front so a UI5 application can consume it. Learnings rather than a supported path, and the only MongoDB entry here.published 2021-01-11
My Learnings in SAP-CAP Using MongoDB
sap-cap-mongodb: no published releases, repository quiet for 69 months. Affects Runnable code.
SAP Cloud Application Programming Model（CAP）：概要およびデモ - Part 1SAP Cloud Application Programming Model（CAP）：概要およびデモ - Part 1Introduces SAP Cloud Application Programming Model as an open, opinionated framework that shoulders OData plumbing and database-specific code so a domain is modelled once in CDS, then builds a small bookshop project to show it: @sap/cds-dk's cds init scaffolds the project, cds watch serves it locally with live reload against an in-memory SQLite database, and a CatalogService projects a CDS domain model seeded from CSV files. The result is read as an OData service in the browser and exercised further through a Postman collection, with the optional @sap/vscode-cds extension noted for CDS syntax highlighting and completion in VS Code.rasai, published 2020-12-31
First Java Cap ApplicationFirst Java Cap ApplicationA step-by-step walkthrough of a first CAP Java project: com.sap.cds:cds-services-archetype scaffolds the initial Maven project, and the domain model is then rewritten in the db folder with entities, the cuid and managed aspects, associations, compositions and a CodeList, so a hand-coded event handler serving a single entity gives way to a service that CAP's generic persistence handling serves without custom code. It deploys that model to SQLite for local development — cds deploy --to sqlite, then a Spring profile pointing at the generated database file — and ends by adding an index.cds so the model and service can be published as a reusable npm module.bruce_wang3, published 2020-12-08
Run and Deploy CAP with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud Foundry (Node.js)Run and Deploy CAP with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud Foundry (Node.js)The deployment half of the pair, two weeks after the local one, and superseded the same way: it carries the same banner directing readers to @cap-js/postgres and the official documentation. The two together are the community PostgreSQL path as it stood before the core absorbed it.published 2020-11-30
Run and Deploy CAP with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud Foundry (Node.js)
cds-dbm. Affects Runnable code.
Getting started with CAP on PostgreSQL (Node.js)Getting started with CAP on PostgreSQL (Node.js)Running CAP on PostgreSQL locally in 2020, when doing so meant the community packages cds-pg and cds-dbm. It now opens with a banner the author added later: @sap/cds 7.0.0 has native PostgreSQL support, use @cap-js/postgres instead, with a pointer to a step-by-step guide for it. Worth having for that banner as much as for the content — a post that tells you not to follow it is a dated fact about where the answer moved.published 2020-11-16
Getting started with CAP on PostgreSQL (Node.js)
cds-pg. Affects Runnable code.
Getting your head into Cloud Application Programming model multitenancyGetting your head into Cloud Application Programming model multitenancyOpens by telling you it is out of date and pointing at the HANA Academy series instead, which is more honest than most posts manage. What survives the staleness is the discussion and context around multitenancy that the title promises — the reasoning, not the commands.andrew_lunde, published 2020-08-20
Getting your head into Cloud Application Programming model multitenancy
Multitenancy has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 7.0.0, 2023-06-22. Affects Runnable code.
PostgreSQL persistence adapter for CAP (Node.js)PostgreSQL persistence adapter for CAP (Node.js)The contradiction the adapter was built to resolve, stated plainly in 2020: CAP's core is open, non-intrusive and platform-agnostic, which is what would let it run outside SAP's world — except that HANA was the only officially supported production persistence and HANA exists only inside BTP. cds-pg is the answer to that, and this is the post that argues for it. Read now as the front end of a story whose other end is the 2023 post recording cds-pg's deprecation in favour of @cap-js/postgres.published 2020-08-20
PostgreSQL persistence adapter for CAP (Node.js)
cds-pg is archived. @cap-js/postgres answers the same capability. Affects Runnable code.
CAP: Unit Testing using Mocha and ChaiCAP: Unit Testing using Mocha and ChaiUnit tests added to an existing CAP service rather than written alongside a new one, which is the harder and more common case. Mocha and Chai wired up by hand, from a time before cds.test was the obvious answer.jhodel18, published 2020-05-31
CAP: Unit Testing using Mocha and Chai
Testing has changed 3 times since this was published, most recently in @cap-js/cds-test 1.0.0, 2026-04-23. Affects Runnable code.
Integration Tests in a Cloud Foundry Java App using SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelIntegration Tests in a Cloud Foundry Java App using SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelIntegration rather than unit tests, and from 2020 — the earliest testing entry here, and a reminder of what had to be assembled by hand before the framework had an answer.former_member428487, published 2020-02-23
Integration Tests in a Cloud Foundry Java App using SAP Cloud Application Programming Model
Testing has changed 3 times since this was published, most recently in @cap-js/cds-test 1.0.0, 2026-04-23. Affects Runnable code.
Create Automated System Tests for SAP Cloud Application Programming Model ProjectsCreate Automated System Tests for SAP Cloud Application Programming Model ProjectsEnd-to-end tests driving the UI with wdi5, run in the pipeline — the layer above cds.test, which stops at the service boundary.SAP
Use SAP HANA as the Database for a CAP Java ApplicationUse SAP HANA as the Database for a CAP Java ApplicationMoving a CAP Java application off the development database onto HANA, which is the step where the persistence choice stops being invisible.SAP
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- explains → applies_to on capability:testing (cap); capability:multitenancy (cap); capability:database-connectors (cap, btp)Door scope proposed from the title and summary, so a door page lists the piece only where it holds (docs/concepts/content-on-doors.md).
- Entered the atlasDiscovered via SAP Community · cap-tag.
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