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SAP Cloud Application Programming Model（CAP）：カスタムロジックの実装 – Part 2SAP Cloud Application Programming Model（CAP）：カスタムロジックの実装 – Part 2A walkthrough of implementing custom logic in a CAP Node.js service for the capire bookshop sample, registering before, on and after handlers around the generated CRUD service for its Books and Orders entities. The before handler validates an incoming order's amount and runs a transactional CQN UPDATE to decrement stock, raising a 400 or 409 through req.error when the amount is invalid or no rows match; an after handler on READ appends a discount note to overstocked books.rasai, published 2021-01-01
SAP GraphQL in CAPm (node.js)SAP GraphQL in CAPm (node.js)Adding the GraphQL protocol adapter to a CAP project when it was new — an entity, some data, the feature switched on, and a check that it answers. Short, and it is the earliest account here of CAP speaking something other than OData.enric101, published 2021-11-29
Importing external edmx files to your CAP project using the CDS Graphical ModelerImporting external edmx files to your CAP project using the CDS Graphical ModelerAn EDMX downloaded from the API hub — API_BUSINESS_PARTNER in the example — imported into the CDS model and its entities exposed as projections, done through the graphical modeller rather than cds import. Barely a page long.Xiao-fei_Song, published 2021-05-19
Consume Remote Services in a Full-Stack CAP ApplicationConsume Remote Services in a Full-Stack CAP ApplicationExtending the Developer's Guide application with a remote S/4HANA service — connectivity, importing the Business Partner API, and running against it. SAP publishes this as four separate paths: mock server or real S/4HANA Cloud, times Cloud Foundry or Kyma. One entry covers all four, because the difference between them is which backend and which runtime, not what you learn.SAP
Create a Business Service using CDS, Node.js, SQLite and a OData serviceCreate a Business Service using CDS, Node.js, SQLite and a OData serviceThe stack at its smallest — CDS, Node, SQLite, an OData service — worked through at length. Nothing cloud in it, which is the point: it is the shape of a CAP service before any of the platform arrives.raybanton, published 2021-07-12
Create a Business Service using CDS, Node.js, SQLite and a OData service
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Custom Functions in OData V4 – SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelCustom Functions in OData V4 – SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelFunctions rather than actions, and the distinction is where it starts: a function must return data and must never change any, so it is the read-only half of custom operations. Then how to declare and implement one on a CAP service.Roopa_N, published 2021-04-28
Custom Functions in OData V4 – SAP Cloud Application Programming Model
OData changed in @cap-js-community/odata-v2-adapter 1.10.0, 2023-04-05. Affects A recipe.
Dynamic OData from "any" API through SAP BTP KymaDynamic OData from "any" API through SAP BTP KymaPutting an OData face on a third-party API by way of Kyma, so the SAP side of a landscape can consume something that was never built for it. The word dynamic is doing work in the title — the shape is not modelled in advance.Gunter, published 2021-09-09
Extend SAP SuccessFactors on SAP BTP with the SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelExtend SAP SuccessFactors on SAP BTP with the SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelTwelve tutorials, about two hours, building a side-by-side extension of SuccessFactors on BTP. The spine is remote services: importing the SuccessFactors OData service definitions into a CAP model, then treating them as entities the extension reads and writes through, rather than as an API called from a handler. Indexed as one entry because the parts only make sense in order.SAP
How to add OData v2 adapter proxy to your CAP projectHow to add OData v2 adapter proxy to your CAP projectThe problem is stated in one line — a UI5 application that only speaks OData v2 in front of a CAP service that speaks v4 — and the answer is a proxy in the middle rather than a rewrite of either end. Written while v4 support in the UI5 stack was still patchy, which is the whole reason the adapter exists.published 2020-06-30
How to add OData v2 adapter proxy to your CAP project
OData changed in @cap-js-community/odata-v2-adapter 1.10.0, 2023-04-05. Affects Runnable code.
Is it time to switch to OData v4?Is it time to switch to OData v4?A recommendation with its caveat attached: use v4 on new projects, and be aware it is less mature than v2 in terms of what the SAP stack around it supports. Written after using it on a real extension project, which is what makes the caveat credible.MikeDoyle, published 2021-02-05
Resolving date serialization issues when using an external OData v2 service with CAPResolving date serialization issues when using an external OData v2 service with CAPDates coming out of an external OData v2 service in a shape CAP does not expect, and what to do about it. A narrow bug report with a fix, and the kind of thing that costs an afternoon if nobody has written it down.pieterjanssens, published 2020-07-09
SAP BTP SDK for iOS & CAP with OData V4 supportSAP BTP SDK for iOS & CAP with OData V4 supportThe iOS SDK gaining OData V4, which until then made connecting a native app to a CAP service awkward — CAP defaults to v4 and the SDK did not speak it. Short, and it marks the date that stopped being a problem.KRiedelsheimer, published 2021-04-21
SAP CAP Adapter to expose OData as custom REST ServiceSAP CAP Adapter to expose OData as custom REST ServiceWalks through consuming an external OData V2 service in a CAP project — cds import converts the Northwind service's EDMX into a CSN and cds.connect.to wires up the remote proxy — then re-exposing it as plain REST with the @protocol:'rest' annotation instead of OData's own envelope. Shows two ways to reshape the response, renaming and dropping fields in a CDS projection or rewriting the returned objects in a custom service handler, and remaps ?pageSize and ?offset onto OData's $top and $skip in that same handler.Former Member, published 2021-09-15
SAP HANA XSA pt. 2 – Smart variants, OData v4 -> v2SAP HANA XSA pt. 2 – Smart variants, OData v4 -> v2Smart tables and smart variants against an OData v4 service, with the v4-to-v2 conversion that the smart controls needed at the time. The second part of an XSA series, written from Tokyo in a summer the author mentions.Gunter, published 2020-08-27
SAP Tech Bytes: Adding Service Implementation to an SAP HANA ProjectSAP Tech Bytes: Adding Service Implementation to an SAP HANA ProjectThomas Jung converts an existing SAP HANA-only project into a CAP one, exposing its native tables, views and a calculation view as CAP service entities with @cds.persistence.exists so they get full create, update, delete and read operations without being redefined. He adds OData V2 support through an adapter proxy for callers still expecting XSODATA-shaped responses, and separately turns on CAP's OpenAPI generation with its Swagger UI test tool. A second part rebuilds the same service layer with a standalone Node.js module instead of CAP, for cases that need more control than CAP's REST or OData defaults give.published 2021-05-07
The End2End Journey: Advocates Service – CAP Service, OData V2/4 & REST in One single ProjectThe End2End Journey: Advocates Service – CAP Service, OData V2/4 & REST in One single ProjectOne CAP service exposing OData V2, OData V4 and REST at the same time, which is unusual enough to be worth the read on its own. Part of an end-to-end series, deployed on Cloud Foundry against HANA Cloud, so the protocol question sits inside a whole application rather than a snippet.KRiedelsheimer, published 2021-05-06
The End2End Journey: Advocates Service – CAP Service, OData V2/4 & REST in One single Project
OData changed in @cap-js-community/odata-v2-adapter 1.10.0, 2023-04-05. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Adding a Swagger UI to Your SAP Cloud Application Programming Model / Node.js ServiceAdding a Swagger UI to Your SAP Cloud Application Programming Model / Node.js ServiceThe problem stated from the other side of the wire: a CAP and HANA backend consumed by frontend developers with no SAP background, who said in the first meeting that they could not work from what the service offered. A browsable API page is the answer, and this is the post the Swagger UI plugin indexed here exists to serve.published 2020-01-23
Adding a Swagger UI to Your SAP Cloud Application Programming Model / Node.js Service
cds-swagger-ui-express has been through 11 major lines since this was published, most recently 0.9 (2024-07), 0.10 (2024-10), 0.11 (2026-02). Affects Runnable code.
New SAP Cloud Application Programming Model Sample for Many-to-Many Relationships and Fiori AnnotationsNew SAP Cloud Application Programming Model Sample for Many-to-Many Relationships and Fiori AnnotationsIntroduces SAP-samples/cloud-cap-hana-swapi, a CAP sample rebuilding the abandoned Star Wars API as a six-entity data model (Films, People, Planets, Species, Starships, Vehicles) chosen for its many-to-many, bi-directional relationships and its use as a Fiori Draft deep-editing test case. The author used CAP's OpenAPI functionality to generate both the Swagger UI test tool and entity diagrams for the data model, alongside the OData services and Fiori preview UI.published 2020-12-21
SAP Tech Bytes: Adding Service Implementation to an SAP HANA ProjectSAP Tech Bytes: Adding Service Implementation to an SAP HANA ProjectThomas Jung converts an existing SAP HANA-only project into a CAP one, exposing its native tables, views and a calculation view as CAP service entities with @cds.persistence.exists so they get full create, update, delete and read operations without being redefined. He adds OData V2 support through an adapter proxy for callers still expecting XSODATA-shaped responses, and separately turns on CAP's OpenAPI generation with its Swagger UI test tool. A second part rebuilds the same service layer with a standalone Node.js module instead of CAP, for cases that need more control than CAP's REST or OData defaults give.published 2021-05-07
Swagger UI | SAP BTP Extension Generators | Hands-on Video TutorialsSwagger UI | SAP BTP Extension Generators | Hands-on Video TutorialsA blog post wrapped around a video playlist from the SAP HANA Academy — Swagger UI for CDS, added to the BTP extension generator series. The written half is an ingredients list and a table of contents; the substance is in the recordings.dvankempen, published 2021-07-09
Configure an MCP Server Created from an HTTP EndpointConfigure an MCP Server Created from an HTTP EndpointDocuments configuring API Management’s HTTP-source MCP server tools, resources, prompts and policies. Resources are selected from GET operations and have URI templates/content types; prompts define User/Assistant messages with optional arguments, alongside MCP policy configuration.
Examine the details of the Model Context Protocol on startupExamine the details of the Model Context Protocol on startupWhat the MCP adapter actually does when a CAP server boots, watched rather than described — the companion to the tutorial that switches it on.
MCP Server — SAP Integration SuiteMCP Server — SAP Integration SuiteSAP's own page for the MCP Server artifact in SAP Integration Suite, and where the gateway that runs it is described: MCP clients and API clients reach the same backends through two gateways that share security, traffic management and multi-protocol connectivity. Sets out the three primitives a server may expose — tools derived from API operations with an input and output schema, resources addressed by URI for context rather than action, and prompts as reusable interaction patterns. Says availability depends on the Integration Suite service plan, and points at the three creation paths as separate pages.
Model Context Protocol Adapter — CAP guideModel Context Protocol Adapter — CAP guideDocuments @cap-js/mcp and com.sap.cds:cds-adapter-mcp, service annotations, generated describe/query/call tools and local client setup. The guide records Java doc-comment configuration, unbound-action-based data changes, incomplete XSUAA PKCE support and the adapter’s governance boundaries.
CAP WebSocketsCAP WebSocketsThe early one, from 2021, before an adapter existed to make it ordinary. Read for what the problem looked like when it had to be solved by hand.vvdries, published 2021-01-26
Discovering SAP Fiori Elements Analytical functions by implementing SAP Support Message ReportingDiscovering SAP Fiori Elements Analytical functions by implementing SAP Support Message ReportingAnalytical annotations learned by building something the author wanted — a view over SAP support messages — after a conversation in February 2021 that the post dates precisely. Exploration written up as exploration.published 2021-03-14
E2E: SAP Cloud Platform Internet of Things to SAP Analytics CloudE2E: SAP Cloud Platform Internet of Things to SAP Analytics CloudDevice data from ingestion to chart, with CAP occupying the middle: a CDS-defined persistence on HANA Cloud, and an OData service published from it for Analytics Cloud to consume live. The interesting choice is that CAP is used for the model rather than for business logic — there is barely any.Gunter, published 2020-08-31
Predictive Asset Insights embedded Live analytics using CAP and SACPredictive Asset Insights embedded Live analytics using CAP and SACCAP as the layer between a line-of-business application's data and a live Analytics Cloud story embedded back into it — master data and operational data both. Structured as ten steps, which keeps it honest about how much of this is configuration rather than modelling.Saif, published 2021-07-18
The Full Picture: Federating, Replicating, and Caching Remote Data in CAP — Part 1The Full Picture: Federating, Replicating, and Caching Remote Data in CAP — Part 1Part one of two, and the concepts half: terminology, what CAP already does, and what a project still has to write. It fixes a vocabulary — federation is the umbrella for making remote data part of your model, delegation forwards each request to the remote at query time, replication is a scheduled copy into the local database, and caching is an option on either rather than a third strategy — which collides with CAP's own, since what this series calls replication is what the CAP-level Data Federation guide calls federation. From the ground the Service Integration guide covers, it lists what is left to hand-write: cross-service $expand, navigation filters across the boundary, write forwarding, timeouts and retries, then scheduling, delta detection, backoff, a guard for two app instances sharing one schedule, idempotent writes, and knowing whether the last run succeeded. That list is why the edge to cds-data-federation holds: the second half maps it onto @federation.delegate and @federation.replicate and says which package carries which part — annotations in cds-data-federation, the scheduled engine in cds-data-pipeline, response caching through cds-caching — so it is the design rationale for the annotations, not the API reference. The gap list and the plugins answering it come from the same person who maintains them; cap-replication-demo and SAP's xtravels sample are cited as the hand-written form of the same work. Part 2 is announced as a walkthrough of a demo application and is not covered here.
Creating structured types, enums and named aspects using the CDS Graphical ModelerCreating structured types, enums and named aspects using the CDS Graphical ModelerThe modelling constructs that are awkward to draw — structured types, enums, named aspects — done in the graphical modeller rather than in CDL.Xiao-fei_Song, published 2021-05-26
Developing Business Services with Cloud Application Programming(CAP) Model in SAP Business StudioDeveloping Business Services with Cloud Application Programming(CAP) Model in SAP Business StudioA step-by-step build of a CAP Node.js service in SAP Business Application Studio: a CDS schema for banks, customers, accounts and transactions using compositions, associations, enumerated types and the @assert.unique constraint, followed by authorization layered on with @restrict and @requires annotations and mock users assigned the authenticated-user and Manager roles in .cdsrc.json. Custom event handlers registered through @sap/cds (srv.before/srv.after) and sample HTTP requests round out the example.Ranjith, published 2020-05-27
Explore the declarative power of status-transition flowsExplore the declarative power of status-transition flowsModelling which state a record may move to next, declaratively, rather than scattering the rule across the handlers that move it.SAP
First Java Cap ApplicationFirst Java Cap ApplicationA step-by-step walkthrough of a first CAP Java project: com.sap.cds:cds-services-archetype scaffolds the initial Maven project, and the domain model is then rewritten in the db folder with entities, the cuid and managed aspects, associations, compositions and a CodeList, so a hand-coded event handler serving a single entity gives way to a service that CAP's generic persistence handling serves without custom code. It deploys that model to SQLite for local development — cds deploy --to sqlite, then a Spring profile pointing at the generated database file — and ends by adding an index.cds so the model and service can be published as a reusable npm module.bruce_wang3, published 2020-12-08
Importing @sap/cds common.cds to your CAP project using the CDS Graphical ModelerImporting @sap/cds common.cds to your CAP project using the CDS Graphical ModelerPulling the common aspects and code lists from @sap/cds into a model through the modeller, so the reuse types appear in the diagram rather than only in the file.Xiao-fei_Song, published 2021-05-06
Learn how to define constraints declaratively in your CDS modelLearn how to define constraints declaratively in your CDS modelConstraints expressed in the model rather than checked in a handler — the distinction the atlas draws between input validation the framework enforces and validation somebody writes.SAP
SAP CAP Adapter to expose OData as custom REST ServiceSAP CAP Adapter to expose OData as custom REST ServiceWalks through consuming an external OData V2 service in a CAP project — cds import converts the Northwind service's EDMX into a CSN and cds.connect.to wires up the remote proxy — then re-exposing it as plain REST with the @protocol:'rest' annotation instead of OData's own envelope. Shows two ways to reshape the response, renaming and dropping fields in a CDS projection or rewriting the returned objects in a custom service handler, and remaps ?pageSize and ?offset onto OData's $top and $skip in that same handler.Former Member, published 2021-09-15
cds deploy to sqlite in-memory databasecds deploy to sqlite in-memory databaseTwo pages on what cds deploy --to sqlite does and what it prints. A reference note rather than an argument, and the shortest entry in this capability.AndrewBarnard, published 2021-04-25
Create a Business Service using CDS, Node.js, SQLite and a OData serviceCreate a Business Service using CDS, Node.js, SQLite and a OData serviceThe stack at its smallest — CDS, Node, SQLite, an OData service — worked through at length. Nothing cloud in it, which is the point: it is the shape of a CAP service before any of the platform arrives.raybanton, published 2021-07-12
Create a Business Service using CDS, Node.js, SQLite and a OData service
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Deploying CAP services with the in-memory SQLite databaseDeploying CAP services with the in-memory SQLite databaseIn-memory, deployed to Cloud Foundry — so the data is gone on restart, on purpose. For a service whose datastore does not need to survive anything, which is a narrower case than it sounds and a real one.liam_mischewski, published 2021-05-24
First Java Cap ApplicationFirst Java Cap ApplicationA step-by-step walkthrough of a first CAP Java project: com.sap.cds:cds-services-archetype scaffolds the initial Maven project, and the domain model is then rewritten in the db folder with entities, the cuid and managed aspects, associations, compositions and a CodeList, so a hand-coded event handler serving a single entity gives way to a service that CAP's generic persistence handling serves without custom code. It deploys that model to SQLite for local development — cds deploy --to sqlite, then a Spring profile pointing at the generated database file — and ends by adding an index.cds so the model and service can be published as a reusable npm module.bruce_wang3, published 2020-12-08
Getting started with CAP on PostgreSQL (Node.js)Getting started with CAP on PostgreSQL (Node.js)Running CAP on PostgreSQL locally in 2020, when doing so meant the community packages cds-pg and cds-dbm. It now opens with a banner the author added later: @sap/cds 7.0.0 has native PostgreSQL support, use @cap-js/postgres instead, with a pointer to a step-by-step guide for it. Worth having for that banner as much as for the content — a post that tells you not to follow it is a dated fact about where the answer moved.published 2020-11-16
Getting started with CAP on PostgreSQL (Node.js)
cds-pg. Affects Runnable code.
How to share tables across different CAP projectsHow to share tables across different CAP projectsFour scenarios for reading one CAP project's table from another, worked out as a matrix of what each one needs: the same HDI container and namespace, the same container under a different namespace, a different container, and a different Cloud Foundry space. The mechanics change with each step — @cds.persistence.exists on the reused entity throughout, an .hdbsynonym once namespaces diverge, .hdbrole and .hdbgrants once containers do, and a user-provided service built from the grantor's credentials once spaces do. The author flags the caveat themselves: these are learning scenarios, and consuming the OData service is often the better answer than reaching into another project's database. Dated corrections from twelve days after publication sit inline — synonyms need only the name because the configuration comes from .hdbsynonymconfig, SERVICE_REPLACEMENTS in mta.yaml removes the hard-coded service name, and the reused container need not be bound to the srv module.published 2021-10-03
My Learnings in SAP-CAP Using MongoDBMy Learnings in SAP-CAP Using MongoDBCAP against a document database, which the supported list does not include — and the way it gets there is the point. The CDS model and the service definitions stay; the persistence is replaced by handlers calling the mongodb driver, with @sap/cds-odata-v2-adapter-proxy in front so a UI5 application can consume it. Learnings rather than a supported path, and the only MongoDB entry here.published 2021-01-11
My Learnings in SAP-CAP Using MongoDB
sap-cap-mongodb: no published releases, repository quiet for 69 months. Affects Runnable code.
PostgreSQL persistence adapter for CAP (Node.js)PostgreSQL persistence adapter for CAP (Node.js)The contradiction the adapter was built to resolve, stated plainly in 2020: CAP's core is open, non-intrusive and platform-agnostic, which is what would let it run outside SAP's world — except that HANA was the only officially supported production persistence and HANA exists only inside BTP. cds-pg is the answer to that, and this is the post that argues for it. Read now as the front end of a story whose other end is the 2023 post recording cds-pg's deprecation in favour of @cap-js/postgres.published 2020-08-20
PostgreSQL persistence adapter for CAP (Node.js)
cds-pg is archived. @cap-js/postgres answers the same capability. Affects Runnable code.
Run and Deploy CAP with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud Foundry (Node.js)Run and Deploy CAP with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud Foundry (Node.js)The deployment half of the pair, two weeks after the local one, and superseded the same way: it carries the same banner directing readers to @cap-js/postgres and the official documentation. The two together are the community PostgreSQL path as it stood before the core absorbed it.published 2020-11-30
Run and Deploy CAP with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud Foundry (Node.js)
cds-dbm. Affects Runnable code.
SAP BTP Showcase - Use SAP Cloud Application Programming to do Native Development on HANA CloudSAP BTP Showcase - Use SAP Cloud Application Programming to do Native Development on HANA CloudThe fifth of a seven-post showcase, and the one where CAP is used to reach HANA-native artifacts rather than to avoid them. Long, and it sits inside a series whose other parts are about Data Warehouse Cloud and CI/CD.former_member271284, published 2021-01-31
SAP BTP Showcase - Use SAP Cloud Application Programming to do Native Development on HANA Cloud
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
SAP BTP Showcase – SAP Continuous Integration and Delivery (SAP CI&D) for SAP HANA CloudSAP BTP Showcase – SAP Continuous Integration and Delivery (SAP CI&D) for SAP HANA CloudA pipeline for the database half of a CAP application, built with cds add pipeline — one command that writes a Jenkinsfile and a .pipeline folder — and then the mta module that makes a database change deploy itself.gcalixtos, published 2021-01-27
SAP BTP Showcase – SAP Continuous Integration and Delivery (SAP CI&D) for SAP HANA Cloud
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects Runnable code.
SAP Business Application Studio – Using SAP HANA Tools with SAP Cloud Application Programming Model projectsSAP Business Application Studio – Using SAP HANA Tools with SAP Cloud Application Programming Model projectsNative HDB artifacts inside a CAP project — the case where CDS is not enough and something has to be written as a database object. Most of the work is making the two build outputs agree: an HDB module path, a CDS build output directory, and a package.json for the module, before the artifact is added and deployed. Published under an account that has since been closed, so the byline reads Former Member.Former Member, published 2021-01-14
SAP Business Application Studio – Using SAP HANA Tools with SAP Cloud Application Programming Model projects
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
SAP Cloud Application Programming Model（CAP）：概要およびデモ - Part 1SAP Cloud Application Programming Model（CAP）：概要およびデモ - Part 1Introduces SAP Cloud Application Programming Model as an open, opinionated framework that shoulders OData plumbing and database-specific code so a domain is modelled once in CDS, then builds a small bookshop project to show it: @sap/cds-dk's cds init scaffolds the project, cds watch serves it locally with live reload against an in-memory SQLite database, and a CatalogService projects a CDS domain model seeded from CSV files. The result is read as an OData service in the browser and exercised further through a Postman collection, with the optional @sap/vscode-cds extension noted for CDS syntax highlighting and completion in VS Code.rasai, published 2020-12-31
Simple steps to deploy your CAP project to HANA cloudSimple steps to deploy your CAP project to HANA cloudWritten from the far side of a failed deploy — the author says these are the troubleshooting steps that ended up working, not a designed procedure. Short, and honest about being a record rather than a recommendation.OmPrakashJha, published 2021-02-11
Use SAP HANA as the Database for a CAP Java ApplicationUse SAP HANA as the Database for a CAP Java ApplicationMoving a CAP Java application off the development database onto HANA, which is the step where the persistence choice stops being invisible.SAP
How to share tables across different CAP projectsHow to share tables across different CAP projectsFour scenarios for reading one CAP project's table from another, worked out as a matrix of what each one needs: the same HDI container and namespace, the same container under a different namespace, a different container, and a different Cloud Foundry space. The mechanics change with each step — @cds.persistence.exists on the reused entity throughout, an .hdbsynonym once namespaces diverge, .hdbrole and .hdbgrants once containers do, and a user-provided service built from the grantor's credentials once spaces do. The author flags the caveat themselves: these are learning scenarios, and consuming the OData service is often the better answer than reaching into another project's database. Dated corrections from twelve days after publication sit inline — synonyms need only the name because the configuration comes from .hdbsynonymconfig, SERVICE_REPLACEMENTS in mta.yaml removes the hard-coded service name, and the reused container need not be bound to the srv module.published 2021-10-03
Getting started with CAP on PostgreSQL (Node.js)Getting started with CAP on PostgreSQL (Node.js)Running CAP on PostgreSQL locally in 2020, when doing so meant the community packages cds-pg and cds-dbm. It now opens with a banner the author added later: @sap/cds 7.0.0 has native PostgreSQL support, use @cap-js/postgres instead, with a pointer to a step-by-step guide for it. Worth having for that banner as much as for the content — a post that tells you not to follow it is a dated fact about where the answer moved.published 2020-11-16
Getting started with CAP on PostgreSQL (Node.js)
cds-pg. Affects Runnable code.
Run and Deploy CAP with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud Foundry (Node.js)Run and Deploy CAP with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud Foundry (Node.js)The deployment half of the pair, two weeks after the local one, and superseded the same way: it carries the same banner directing readers to @cap-js/postgres and the official documentation. The two together are the community PostgreSQL path as it stood before the core absorbed it.published 2020-11-30
Run and Deploy CAP with PostgreSQL on SAP BTP Cloud Foundry (Node.js)
cds-dbm. Affects Runnable code.
Improved Search Performance in SAP BTP Core, SAP Cloud Application Programming Model, Node.js RuntimeImproved Search Performance in SAP BTP Core, SAP Cloud Application Programming Model, Node.js RuntimeExplains CDS version 5's @cds.search annotation, which lets a service declare which elements a search query covers, and states that only String-typed elements are searched by default so the generated SQL stays simple. Covers two further changes to @sap/cds's Node.js runtime: metadata about which elements are searchable is now cached, and search over localized text can resolve at query time instead of through a compiled view, avoiding a coalesce function that blocks filter push-down on SAP HANA. Also describes an experimental toggle, cds.env.features.optimized_search, that lets the runtime choose the CONTAINS predicate over LIKE for large data sets.published 2021-08-18
SAP Cloud Application Programming Model（CAP）：カスタムロジックの実装 – Part 2SAP Cloud Application Programming Model（CAP）：カスタムロジックの実装 – Part 2A walkthrough of implementing custom logic in a CAP Node.js service for the capire bookshop sample, registering before, on and after handlers around the generated CRUD service for its Books and Orders entities. The before handler validates an incoming order's amount and runs a transactional CQN UPDATE to decrement stock, raising a 400 or 409 through req.error when the amount is invalid or no rows match; an after handler on READ appends a discount note to overstocked books.rasai, published 2021-01-01
CAP: Consume External Service – Part 3CAP: Consume External Service – Part 3Built to work around CAP limitations at the time — OData-only external services, no custom headers, no complex OData queries — the post walks through cdse, the author's own module that resolves a named destination from the CAP project's configuration and calls axios directly, so a handler reads the same way whether it is tested locally against a raw URL or deployed against SAP Cloud Platform's Destinations service. A 2022 update at the top of the post calls it obsolete, since the CAP framework has since addressed the limitations it set out to work around. The walkthrough of cdse resolving a destination and switching between a local credentials.url and an SCP destination, including pulling credentials from VCAP_SERVICES when the lookup fails locally, still holds as a worked example.published 2020-07-27
Consume Remote Services in a Full-Stack CAP ApplicationConsume Remote Services in a Full-Stack CAP ApplicationExtending the Developer's Guide application with a remote S/4HANA service — connectivity, importing the Business Partner API, and running against it. SAP publishes this as four separate paths: mock server or real S/4HANA Cloud, times Cloud Foundry or Kyma. One entry covers all four, because the difference between them is which backend and which runtime, not what you learn.SAP
Consume SOAP Web Services in SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelConsume SOAP Web Services in SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelCalling a SOAP service from CAP — the case the remote-service story does not cover, since CAP's own import path speaks OData and OpenAPI.SAP
Extend SAP SuccessFactors on SAP BTP with the SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelExtend SAP SuccessFactors on SAP BTP with the SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelTwelve tutorials, about two hours, building a side-by-side extension of SuccessFactors on BTP. The spine is remote services: importing the SuccessFactors OData service definitions into a CAP model, then treating them as entities the extension reads and writes through, rather than as an API called from a handler. Indexed as one entry because the parts only make sense in order.SAP
How to Access On-premise OData from the Business Application Studio - CAPM DevelopmentHow to Access On-premise OData from the Business Application Studio - CAPM DevelopmentA destination-naming constraint found the hard way and then corrected in public: the post carries its own update saying that with a CAPM app, a standard destination works through the studio's proxy as long as the name matches [a-z0-9-]. The update credits a comment on the post, so the correction and its source are both in the record.laszlo_kajan2, published 2020-06-02
How to Access On-premise OData from the Business Application Studio - CAPM Development
Destinations changed in @sap-cloud-sdk/connectivity 4.0.0, 2025-03-04. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Part 1: How to build an extension application for SAP S/4HANA Cloud using CAP, SAP Cloud SDK and SAP Fiori elementsPart 1: How to build an extension application for SAP S/4HANA Cloud using CAP, SAP Cloud SDK and SAP Fiori elementsThe substantial part of a side-by-side extensibility series: CAP Node.js, Cloud SDK and Fiori elements against S/4HANA Cloud. Eighteen thousand characters, and the one to read if you only read one.former_member748, published 2020-12-01
Part 1: How to build an extension application for SAP S/4HANA Cloud using CAP, SAP Cloud SDK and SAP Fiori elements
Fiori annotations changed in @sap/cds-dk 9.6.0, 2025-12-17. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Part 2: How to build an extension application for SAP S/4HANA Cloud using CAP, SAP Cloud SDK and SAP Fiori elementsPart 2: How to build an extension application for SAP S/4HANA Cloud using CAP, SAP Cloud SDK and SAP Fiori elementsThe second part, continuing the same extension. Opens with a recap of the stack rather than of the steps, which makes it readable on its own.former_member748, published 2020-12-20
Part 2: How to build an extension application for SAP S/4HANA Cloud using CAP, SAP Cloud SDK and SAP Fiori elements
Fiori annotations changed in @sap/cds-dk 9.6.0, 2025-12-17. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
SAP CAP Remote Services & SAP Fiori ElementsSAP CAP Remote Services & SAP Fiori ElementsWhat happens to a generated UI when the data is not local: a CAP service projecting a remote one, with Fiori elements on top. The author explored it to find out where the abstraction holds, which is the useful register for this.Former Member, published 2021-05-20
SAP CAP Remote Services & SAP Fiori Elements
Fiori annotations changed in @sap/cds-dk 9.6.0, 2025-12-17. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Use SCP CF Destination service in NodeJs locallyUse SCP CF Destination service in NodeJs locallyReading a destination from a laptop, where the environment variable the destination service normally provides does not exist. A small gap with a real cost, since the alternative is deploying to test every change to a remote call.WouterLemaire, published 2020-05-28
Use SCP CF Destination service in NodeJs locally
Destinations changed in @sap-cloud-sdk/connectivity 4.0.0, 2025-03-04. Affects Runnable code.
Use the SAP Cloud SDK in the SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelUse the SAP Cloud SDK in the SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelReaching for the Cloud SDK from inside a CAP service, for the calls CAP's own remote services do not make.SAP
CAP - Specifying the queues to be consumed from SAP Event MeshCAP - Specifying the queues to be consumed from SAP Event MeshWritten against the edge of the convention rather than the convention. CAP creates one queue per application and names it for you; this is the case where the queue already exists, belongs to someone else, or there is more than one of them. The oldest Event Mesh post indexed here, and the only one about taking the naming back.schardosin, published 2021-06-21
Event-driven Extensions for SAP SuccessFactors on SAP BTP – Connecting the DotsEvent-driven Extensions for SAP SuccessFactors on SAP BTP – Connecting the DotsWalks through an event-driven extension for SAP SuccessFactors: Automated Configurations registers the SuccessFactors system against an SAP BTP account with an integration token, and a SuccessFactors custom integration then pushes events, such as an employee joining or leaving, to a topic in Event Mesh that a CAP application subscribes to. The SuccessFactors APIs themselves are downloaded as EDMX files from SAP API Business Hub and imported into the CAP project, the same EDMX-import path behind service integration, so CAP generates the client used to call them. A reference application, RunSmooth, ties Automated Configurations, Event Mesh and CAP together end to end.Former Member, published 2020-08-12
How to use SAP Data Intelligence with SAP Cloud ConnectorHow to use SAP Data Intelligence with SAP Cloud ConnectorWalks through reaching an on-premise network from SAP Data Intelligence Cloud with Cloud Connector: installing the client, assigning the Cloud_Connector_Administrator role, registering the subaccount, and mapping on-premise systems as ABAP, HANA or HTTP back-ends in Data Intelligence's Connection Manager. For an ABAP back-end it names the function-module whitelist and the gateway port format RFC access needs, per SAP Note 2835207.Former Member, published 2021-03-16
CAP: Consume External Service - Part 1CAP: Consume External Service - Part 1Builds a CAP Node.js service from scratch that consumes the public NorthWind OData V4 service: cds import turns its EDMX metadata into a CSN model under srv/external, and a CatalogService projects Products from it with a custom READ handler that runs the request through cds.connect.to('NorthWind'). Shows the same projection working two ways — against a CSV mocked under srv/external/data with the <service>-<entity>.csv naming the framework expects, then against the real service once credentials.url is added to the CAP configuration and @sap-cloud-sdk/http-client is installed — and defers routing that connection through the Cloud Foundry Destinations service to the next post in the series.published 2020-05-26
Event-driven Extensions for SAP SuccessFactors on SAP BTP – Connecting the DotsEvent-driven Extensions for SAP SuccessFactors on SAP BTP – Connecting the DotsWalks through an event-driven extension for SAP SuccessFactors: Automated Configurations registers the SuccessFactors system against an SAP BTP account with an integration token, and a SuccessFactors custom integration then pushes events, such as an employee joining or leaving, to a topic in Event Mesh that a CAP application subscribes to. The SuccessFactors APIs themselves are downloaded as EDMX files from SAP API Business Hub and imported into the CAP project, the same EDMX-import path behind service integration, so CAP generates the client used to call them. A reference application, RunSmooth, ties Automated Configurations, Event Mesh and CAP together end to end.Former Member, published 2020-08-12
SAP CAP Adapter to expose OData as custom REST ServiceSAP CAP Adapter to expose OData as custom REST ServiceWalks through consuming an external OData V2 service in a CAP project — cds import converts the Northwind service's EDMX into a CSN and cds.connect.to wires up the remote proxy — then re-exposing it as plain REST with the @protocol:'rest' annotation instead of OData's own envelope. Shows two ways to reshape the response, renaming and dropping fields in a CDS projection or rewriting the returned objects in a custom service handler, and remaps ?pageSize and ?offset onto OData's $top and $skip in that same handler.Former Member, published 2021-09-15
Use Free Tier to Create a Service Instance for SAP Document AIUse Free Tier to Create a Service Instance for SAP Document AIFour steps in the SAP BTP cockpit that end with a service key for SAP Document AI: open the cockpit, check the subaccount's entitlements and add the service on the free tier plan if it is not listed, create the instance, then create the key. It names the plans to use in production instead, blocks_of_100, embedded_edition and premium_edition, and stops at the credentials, before any document is uploaded.
Use Free Tier to Subscribe to SAP Document AI Basic UIUse Free Tier to Subscribe to SAP Document AI Basic UIEight steps from an entitled subaccount to the SAP Document AI basic UI open in a browser, and most of them are identity work rather than document work: getting a tenant for Cloud Identity Services, which the basic UI requires, activating the account and establishing trust with the subaccount, then subscribing, creating a user and assigning the Document_Information_Extraction_UI_Templates_Admin role collection. Using the UI to read a document is the subject of Use Machine Learning to Extract Information from Documents with the SAP Document AI Basic UI, which this tutorial names as what to read next.
Understanding security approaches in SAP CAP using XSUAA in node.js flavor and MTA.Understanding security approaches in SAP CAP using XSUAA in node.js flavor and MTA.The long version, from the MTA project outward: what the deployment descriptor has to contain, how the authentication flow actually runs, and then the npm modules doing the work — @sap/xssec and @sap/xsenv named and explained rather than left as dependencies. Old, and the module names have moved on, but the flow it draws has not.balbinosoares, published 2020-03-16
Understanding security approaches in SAP CAP using XSUAA in node.js flavor and MTA.
Authorization has changed twice since this was published, most recently in CAP Java 3.7.1, 2025-01-30. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Use Free Tier to Subscribe to SAP Document AI Basic UIUse Free Tier to Subscribe to SAP Document AI Basic UIEight steps from an entitled subaccount to the SAP Document AI basic UI open in a browser, and most of them are identity work rather than document work: getting a tenant for Cloud Identity Services, which the basic UI requires, activating the account and establishing trust with the subaccount, then subscribing, creating a user and assigning the Document_Information_Extraction_UI_Templates_Admin role collection. Using the UI to read a document is the subject of Use Machine Learning to Extract Information from Documents with the SAP Document AI Basic UI, which this tutorial names as what to read next.
Use mocking to embrace auth in your domain model from the outsetUse mocking to embrace auth in your domain model from the outsetMock users locally so authorization is modelled from the first commit instead of retrofitted — the argument being that auth added late reshapes a domain model rather than sitting on top of it.SAP
Developing Business Services with Cloud Application Programming(CAP) Model in SAP Business StudioDeveloping Business Services with Cloud Application Programming(CAP) Model in SAP Business StudioA step-by-step build of a CAP Node.js service in SAP Business Application Studio: a CDS schema for banks, customers, accounts and transactions using compositions, associations, enumerated types and the @assert.unique constraint, followed by authorization layered on with @restrict and @requires annotations and mock users assigned the authenticated-user and Manager roles in .cdsrc.json. Custom event handlers registered through @sap/cds (srv.before/srv.after) and sample HTTP requests round out the example.Ranjith, published 2020-05-27
Insights of Cloud SDK, CAP, XSUAA, SSH and other BTP topics from 2021Insights of Cloud SDK, CAP, XSUAA, SSH and other BTP topics from 2021A year in review, and one section in it is the reason it is here: "CAP isn't the solution for everything" — the author's point being that a pure UI5 or Fiori application does not need a CAP service wrapped around it, and that an approuter or the HTML5 Application Repository may be the better answer. The XSUAA section is a complaint about complexity rather than a guide, which is also worth having on the record.dr_vup, published 2021-12-30
Understanding security approaches in SAP CAP using XSUAA in node.js flavor and MTA.Understanding security approaches in SAP CAP using XSUAA in node.js flavor and MTA.The long version, from the MTA project outward: what the deployment descriptor has to contain, how the authentication flow actually runs, and then the npm modules doing the work — @sap/xssec and @sap/xsenv named and explained rather than left as dependencies. Old, and the module names have moved on, but the flow it draws has not.balbinosoares, published 2020-03-16
Understanding security approaches in SAP CAP using XSUAA in node.js flavor and MTA.
Authorization has changed twice since this was published, most recently in CAP Java 3.7.1, 2025-01-30. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Using Postman for API Testing with XSUAAUsing Postman for API Testing with XSUAAA way to get a JWT without routing traffic through the approuter and picking the token out of it. The author walks the alternatives first — redirect through the router, intercept the token — and says what is wrong with each, before requesting the token from the service directly.mariusobert, published 2020-03-02
Learn how to define constraints declaratively in your CDS modelLearn how to define constraints declaratively in your CDS modelConstraints expressed in the model rather than checked in a handler — the distinction the atlas draws between input validation the framework enforces and validation somebody writes.SAP
Configure an MCP Server Created from an HTTP EndpointConfigure an MCP Server Created from an HTTP EndpointDocuments configuring API Management’s HTTP-source MCP server tools, resources, prompts and policies. Resources are selected from GET operations and have URI templates/content types; prompts define User/Assistant messages with optional arguments, alongside MCP policy configuration.
cf-create-app: Create End-to-End apps and deploy to Cloud Foundry in minutescf-create-app: Create End-to-End apps and deploy to Cloud Foundry in minutesA generator from 2020 that goes further than scaffolding — an end-to-end application created and deployed to Cloud Foundry in one run. Predates most of what cds add now does.former_member604013, published 2020-07-29
cf-create-app: Create End-to-End apps and deploy to Cloud Foundry in minutes
Generators has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds-dk 10.0.3, 2026-07-02. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Deploy a Full-Stack CAP Application in SAP BTPDeploy a Full-Stack CAP Application in SAP BTPFive tutorials taking the Developer's Guide application from running locally to running on BTP — preparation, the deployment itself, role assignment, and integration with Build Work Zone. Published twice, once for Cloud Foundry and once for Kyma, with the same shape and different descriptors; indexed once, because the second is the first with the runtime swapped.SAP
Deploying a CAP Application to SAP Cloud Platform, Kyma runtime & connecting an iOS appDeploying a CAP Application to SAP Cloud Platform, Kyma runtime & connecting an iOS appKyma when it was new on the platform, taken from a CAP application through deployment to a native iOS client on the other end. Written by someone working the mobile side, so the parts about what a device needs from the service are more careful than usual.KRiedelsheimer, published 2020-12-17
Deploying CAP services with the in-memory SQLite databaseDeploying CAP services with the in-memory SQLite databaseIn-memory, deployed to Cloud Foundry — so the data is gone on restart, on purpose. For a service whose datastore does not need to survive anything, which is a narrower case than it sounds and a real one.liam_mischewski, published 2021-05-24
Dynamic OData from "any" API through SAP BTP KymaDynamic OData from "any" API through SAP BTP KymaPutting an OData face on a third-party API by way of Kyma, so the SAP side of a landscape can consume something that was never built for it. The word dynamic is doing work in the title — the shape is not modelled in advance.Gunter, published 2021-09-09
From R/3 ABAP to CAP/Fiori Elements on SAP BTP- DeploymentFrom R/3 ABAP to CAP/Fiori Elements on SAP BTP- DeploymentThe doing half: the steps and the code that got the application from the first post deployed and working. Shorter, and it assumes the argument has already been made.former_member231477, published 2021-04-30
From R/3 ABAP to CAP/Fiori Elements on SAP BTP- Deployment
Fiori annotations changed in @sap/cds-dk 9.6.0, 2025-12-17. Affects Runnable code.
Simple steps to deploy your CAP project to HANA cloudSimple steps to deploy your CAP project to HANA cloudWritten from the far side of a failed deploy — the author says these are the troubleshooting steps that ended up working, not a designed procedure. Short, and honest about being a record rather than a recommendation.OmPrakashJha, published 2021-02-11
The Future of Continuous Delivery for SAP Cloud SDK and SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelThe Future of Continuous Delivery for SAP Cloud SDK and SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelA direction note on the Continuous Delivery Pipeline that Cloud SDK and CAP projects were expected to start from, written by someone on the inside as its future was being decided. Dated 2020, so read it for what was being weighed rather than for what to run — and as one of the few places the reasoning behind a tooling direction was written down at all.published 2020-11-23
SAP BTP Cloud foundry Job Scheduling for CAP based projectSAP BTP Cloud foundry Job Scheduling for CAP based projectWalks through binding the SAP Job Scheduling service's trial instance to a CAP application's own custom action endpoint, so the service calls it on a configured interval and keeps a log of each run. The action itself is ordinary application code — here, sending an email through a third-party library — and the trial subaccount the author used could only run the job once, not on a repeating schedule.sunojmichael1, published 2021-03-15
Getting your head into Cloud Application Programming model multitenancyGetting your head into Cloud Application Programming model multitenancyOpens by telling you it is out of date and pointing at the HANA Academy series instead, which is more honest than most posts manage. What survives the staleness is the discussion and context around multitenancy that the title promises — the reasoning, not the commands.andrew_lunde, published 2020-08-20
Getting your head into Cloud Application Programming model multitenancy
Multitenancy has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 7.0.0, 2023-06-22. Affects Runnable code.
Multitenant application using Cloud Application Programming Model (CAP)Multitenant application using Cloud Application Programming Model (CAP)A worked multitenant application on the Java SDK with the mtx sidecar beside it — the arrangement where provisioning lives in a separate Node process even when the application is Java. Includes the UI module, so the subscription is visible end to end.former_member733211, published 2021-05-19
Multitenant application using Cloud Application Programming Model (CAP)
Multitenancy has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 7.0.0, 2023-06-22. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Multitenant Business Applications with CAP | Hands-on Video TutorialsMultitenant Business Applications with CAP | Hands-on Video TutorialsA hands-on video series from the SAP HANA Academy on building multitenant applications with CAP, with the written post as its index. Referenced by other posts here as the more current alternative to their own text.dvankempen, published 2021-06-03
How to consume UI5 custom libraries in BAS or VS CodeHow to consume UI5 custom libraries in BAS or VS CodeConsuming a custom UI5 library from a UI5 application locally, using yarn workspaces to resolve the dependency instead of adjusting the project before every deploy. The post is honest about its own history: the author had asked the question on SAP Community, found a workaround that needed a pre-deploy edit, and only later learned the workspace approach that removes it. Generator-based setup throughout, and 2021-vintage — yarn workspaces, generator-ui5-library and generator-easy-ui5.published 2021-04-06
Get Started with an SAP Cloud Application Programming Model Project in SAP Continuous Integration and DeliveryGet Started with an SAP Cloud Application Programming Model Project in SAP Continuous Integration and DeliveryWiring a CAP project into SAP's hosted CI/CD service, which is the pipeline you get without assembling one.SAP
SAP BTP Showcase – SAP Continuous Integration and Delivery (SAP CI&D) for SAP HANA CloudSAP BTP Showcase – SAP Continuous Integration and Delivery (SAP CI&D) for SAP HANA CloudA pipeline for the database half of a CAP application, built with cds add pipeline — one command that writes a Jenkinsfile and a .pipeline folder — and then the mta module that makes a database change deploy itself.gcalixtos, published 2021-01-27
SAP BTP Showcase – SAP Continuous Integration and Delivery (SAP CI&D) for SAP HANA Cloud
Database connectors has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds 10.1.0, 2026-09-07. Affects Runnable code.
debug a CAP app with UI5 TypeScript UI component with VS Codedebug a CAP app with UI5 TypeScript UI component with VS CodeDebugging both runtimes at once — the CAP server and a UI5 component written in TypeScript, the latter stepped through in its own sources rather than in the transpiled output. Written when TypeScript for UI5 had just become possible, and the combination it sets up is the one CAP's app folder invites.published 2021-11-16
Get an introduction to the cds REPLGet an introduction to the cds REPLcds repl as a way to ask the running model questions directly, which is the fastest route from a suspicion about a query to knowing.SAP
An introduction to CDS Graphical Modeler for SAP Business Application StudioAn introduction to CDS Graphical Modeler for SAP Business Application StudioThe announcement of the graphical modeller, from the team that built it — what it draws, how to get a dev space that has it, and what it is for. The starting point for the two posts that follow it, and the record of when this became part of the editor rather than an idea.Xiao-fei_Song, published 2021-04-23
Creating new services using the CDS Graphical Modeler for SAP Business Application StudioCreating new services using the CDS Graphical Modeler for SAP Business Application StudioThe worked half of the introduction, published the same day: a service defined by drawing rather than by typing, projections included. Assumes the setup from the introduction and does not repeat it, so the two are one piece split in two.Xiao-fei_Song, published 2021-04-23
Creating structured types, enums and named aspects using the CDS Graphical ModelerCreating structured types, enums and named aspects using the CDS Graphical ModelerThe modelling constructs that are awkward to draw — structured types, enums, named aspects — done in the graphical modeller rather than in CDL.Xiao-fei_Song, published 2021-05-26
Developing CAP applications in SAP Business Application StudioDeveloping CAP applications in SAP Business Application StudioThe overview written at the point BAS replaced Web IDE, and it is structured as a comparison — each step of building a CAP application, with the difference from the Web IDE experience called out beside it. Useful now mostly for what it records: which parts of CAP development the editor took over, and when.liat_b, published 2020-07-06
Importing @sap/cds common.cds to your CAP project using the CDS Graphical ModelerImporting @sap/cds common.cds to your CAP project using the CDS Graphical ModelerPulling the common aspects and code lists from @sap/cds into a model through the modeller, so the reuse types appear in the diagram rather than only in the file.Xiao-fei_Song, published 2021-05-06
Importing external edmx files to your CAP project using the CDS Graphical ModelerImporting external edmx files to your CAP project using the CDS Graphical ModelerAn EDMX downloaded from the API hub — API_BUSINESS_PARTNER in the example — imported into the CDS model and its entities exposed as projections, done through the graphical modeller rather than cds import. Barely a page long.Xiao-fei_Song, published 2021-05-19
Migrating Your CAP Applications from SAP Web IDE to SAP Business Application StudioMigrating Your CAP Applications from SAP Web IDE to SAP Business Application StudioA migration checklist, and a reminder of how much of a CAP project used to be editor-specific: Web IDE configuration files to delete, a build to move to the Cloud MTA Build Tool, a CAP Java version to raise. Historical — Web IDE is gone — but it is the clearest list of what the tooling boundary used to include.liat_b, published 2020-07-09
Migrating Your CAP Applications from SAP Web IDE to SAP Business Application Studio
Editor support changed in @sap/cds-dk 8.8.0, 2025-03-04. Affects A recipe.
Running CAP Node Applications in SAP Business Application StudioRunning CAP Node Applications in SAP Business Application StudioThe Run Configurations tool, which is where binding and mocking live in BAS rather than in a terminal. Three things it does: several named configurations per application in a tree, dependencies bound to real service instances, and OData dependencies mocked. The author notes the configurations are standard launch entries underneath, which is the detail that lets you leave the tool behind if you want to.liat_b, published 2020-10-22
SAP Cloud Application Programming Model（CAP）：概要およびデモ - Part 1SAP Cloud Application Programming Model（CAP）：概要およびデモ - Part 1Introduces SAP Cloud Application Programming Model as an open, opinionated framework that shoulders OData plumbing and database-specific code so a domain is modelled once in CDS, then builds a small bookshop project to show it: @sap/cds-dk's cds init scaffolds the project, cds watch serves it locally with live reload against an in-memory SQLite database, and a CatalogService projects a CDS domain model seeded from CSV files. The result is read as an OData service in the browser and exercised further through a Postman collection, with the optional @sap/vscode-cds extension noted for CDS syntax highlighting and completion in VS Code.rasai, published 2020-12-31
Storyboard for cloud business applications using CAP in SAP Business Application StudioStoryboard for cloud business applications using CAP in SAP Business Application StudioThe first release of the Storyboard, written by the team shipping it. Where the graphical modeller draws the data model, this draws the application: its logical components and the connections between them, alongside an application explorer enhanced in the same release. Short, and it reads as an announcement — the fuller account of using it is Aryan_Raj_Sinha's post two years later.liat_b, published 2021-02-15
Tips and Tricks for Working with Annotations in CAP Projects using Language Server Protocol (LSP) capabilitiesTips and Tricks for Working with Annotations in CAP Projects using Language Server Protocol (LSP) capabilitiesFour settings, from somebody who works on the annotation language server. The premise is the interesting part: CAP's annotation syntax is looser than ABAP CDS or EDMX — a record can be written with or without an explicit type — so the completion has to guess how verbose you want it, and this is where you tell it. Then filtering the completion list, reading the icons, ordering diagnostics by severity, and turning i18n problems on only when you want them.maryana_naboka, published 2021-10-25
Tips: VS Code ExtensionsTips: VS Code ExtensionsA short list of the VS Code extensions worth having for this stack, from 2020. Dated by definition and still the kind of page people go looking for.jhodel18, published 2020-07-13
Use Tasks in Visual Studio Code to start a cds service, an approuter and launch a browser in one goUse Tasks in Visual Studio Code to start a cds service, an approuter and launch a browser in one gocds watch serves the service and the app folder but not the approuter, so anything needing a JWT means a second terminal started by hand. This replaces that with a VS Code task definition — the tasks.json is in the post — so the whole local stack comes up on one command.pieterjanssens, published 2021-04-09
Use Tasks in Visual Studio Code to start a cds service, an approuter and launch a browser in one go
Local development has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds-dk 7.9.1, 2024-05-02. Affects Runnable code.
cf-create-app: Create End-to-End apps and deploy to Cloud Foundry in minutescf-create-app: Create End-to-End apps and deploy to Cloud Foundry in minutesA generator from 2020 that goes further than scaffolding — an end-to-end application created and deployed to Cloud Foundry in one run. Predates most of what cds add now does.former_member604013, published 2020-07-29
cf-create-app: Create End-to-End apps and deploy to Cloud Foundry in minutes
Generators has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds-dk 10.0.3, 2026-07-02. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
First Java Cap ApplicationFirst Java Cap ApplicationA step-by-step walkthrough of a first CAP Java project: com.sap.cds:cds-services-archetype scaffolds the initial Maven project, and the domain model is then rewritten in the db folder with entities, the cuid and managed aspects, associations, compositions and a CodeList, so a hand-coded event handler serving a single entity gives way to a service that CAP's generic persistence handling serves without custom code. It deploys that model to SQLite for local development — cds deploy --to sqlite, then a Spring profile pointing at the generated database file — and ends by adding an index.cds so the model and service can be published as a reusable npm module.bruce_wang3, published 2020-12-08
SAP Cloud Application Programming Model（CAP）：概要およびデモ - Part 1SAP Cloud Application Programming Model（CAP）：概要およびデモ - Part 1Introduces SAP Cloud Application Programming Model as an open, opinionated framework that shoulders OData plumbing and database-specific code so a domain is modelled once in CDS, then builds a small bookshop project to show it: @sap/cds-dk's cds init scaffolds the project, cds watch serves it locally with live reload against an in-memory SQLite database, and a CatalogService projects a CDS domain model seeded from CSV files. The result is read as an OData service in the browser and exercised further through a Postman collection, with the optional @sap/vscode-cds extension noted for CDS syntax highlighting and completion in VS Code.rasai, published 2020-12-31
Create a Simple CAP Application and Explore the DefaultsCreate a Simple CAP Application and Explore the DefaultsThe shortest way in: a project from the wizard, then a look at what CAP assumed on your behalf. The defaults are the subject rather than the application — which is the right first lesson in a framework whose whole argument is convention over configuration.SAP
Develop SAP CAP apps inside a VS Code Docker ContainerDevelop SAP CAP apps inside a VS Code Docker ContainerA VS Code dev container configuration with everything a CAP project needs already in it, published as a repository rather than as instructions. The 2020 half of a pair whose other half, four years later, does the same for Lazyvim — the same author solving the same problem twice as his editor changed.published 2020-02-20
Develop SAP CAP apps inside a VS Code Docker Container
Local development has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds-dk 7.9.1, 2024-05-02. Affects Runnable code.
Get an introduction to the cds REPLGet an introduction to the cds REPLcds repl as a way to ask the running model questions directly, which is the fastest route from a suspicion about a query to knowing.SAP
Running CAP Node Applications in SAP Business Application StudioRunning CAP Node Applications in SAP Business Application StudioThe Run Configurations tool, which is where binding and mocking live in BAS rather than in a terminal. Three things it does: several named configurations per application in a tree, dependencies bound to real service instances, and OData dependencies mocked. The author notes the configurations are standard launch entries underneath, which is the detail that lets you leave the tool behind if you want to.liat_b, published 2020-10-22
SAP Cloud Application Programming Model（CAP）：概要およびデモ - Part 1SAP Cloud Application Programming Model（CAP）：概要およびデモ - Part 1Introduces SAP Cloud Application Programming Model as an open, opinionated framework that shoulders OData plumbing and database-specific code so a domain is modelled once in CDS, then builds a small bookshop project to show it: @sap/cds-dk's cds init scaffolds the project, cds watch serves it locally with live reload against an in-memory SQLite database, and a CatalogService projects a CDS domain model seeded from CSV files. The result is read as an OData service in the browser and exercised further through a Postman collection, with the optional @sap/vscode-cds extension noted for CDS syntax highlighting and completion in VS Code.rasai, published 2020-12-31
Set up a self-contained development environment for CAP Node.jsSet up a self-contained development environment for CAP Node.jsA CAP development environment that carries its own dependencies, so the machine it runs on stops being part of the setup.SAP
Use mocking to embrace auth in your domain model from the outsetUse mocking to embrace auth in your domain model from the outsetMock users locally so authorization is modelled from the first commit instead of retrofitted — the argument being that auth added late reshapes a domain model rather than sitting on top of it.SAP
Use SCP CF Destination service in NodeJs locallyUse SCP CF Destination service in NodeJs locallyReading a destination from a laptop, where the environment variable the destination service normally provides does not exist. A small gap with a real cost, since the alternative is deploying to test every change to a remote call.WouterLemaire, published 2020-05-28
Use SCP CF Destination service in NodeJs locally
Destinations changed in @sap-cloud-sdk/connectivity 4.0.0, 2025-03-04. Affects Runnable code.
Use Tasks in Visual Studio Code to start a cds service, an approuter and launch a browser in one goUse Tasks in Visual Studio Code to start a cds service, an approuter and launch a browser in one gocds watch serves the service and the app folder but not the approuter, so anything needing a JWT means a second terminal started by hand. This replaces that with a VS Code task definition — the tasks.json is in the post — so the whole local stack comes up on one command.pieterjanssens, published 2021-04-09
Use Tasks in Visual Studio Code to start a cds service, an approuter and launch a browser in one go
Local development has changed twice since this was published, most recently in @sap/cds-dk 7.9.1, 2024-05-02. Affects Runnable code.
CAP: Consume External Service - Part 1CAP: Consume External Service - Part 1Builds a CAP Node.js service from scratch that consumes the public NorthWind OData V4 service: cds import turns its EDMX metadata into a CSN model under srv/external, and a CatalogService projects Products from it with a custom READ handler that runs the request through cds.connect.to('NorthWind'). Shows the same projection working two ways — against a CSV mocked under srv/external/data with the <service>-<entity>.csv naming the framework expects, then against the real service once credentials.url is added to the CAP configuration and @sap-cloud-sdk/http-client is installed — and defers routing that connection through the Cloud Foundry Destinations service to the next post in the series.published 2020-05-26
CAP: Unit Testing using Mocha and ChaiCAP: Unit Testing using Mocha and ChaiUnit tests added to an existing CAP service rather than written alongside a new one, which is the harder and more common case. Mocha and Chai wired up by hand, from a time before cds.test was the obvious answer.jhodel18, published 2020-05-31
CAP: Unit Testing using Mocha and Chai
Testing has changed 3 times since this was published, most recently in @cap-js/cds-test 1.0.0, 2026-04-23. Affects Runnable code.
Create Automated System Tests for SAP Cloud Application Programming Model ProjectsCreate Automated System Tests for SAP Cloud Application Programming Model ProjectsEnd-to-end tests driving the UI with wdi5, run in the pipeline — the layer above cds.test, which stops at the service boundary.SAP
Integration Tests in a Cloud Foundry Java App using SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelIntegration Tests in a Cloud Foundry Java App using SAP Cloud Application Programming ModelIntegration rather than unit tests, and from 2020 — the earliest testing entry here, and a reminder of what had to be assembled by hand before the framework had an answer.former_member428487, published 2020-02-23
Integration Tests in a Cloud Foundry Java App using SAP Cloud Application Programming Model
Testing has changed 3 times since this was published, most recently in @cap-js/cds-test 1.0.0, 2026-04-23. Affects Runnable code.
Using Postman for API Testing with XSUAAUsing Postman for API Testing with XSUAAA way to get a JWT without routing traffic through the approuter and picking the token out of it. The author walks the alternatives first — redirect through the router, intercept the token — and says what is wrong with each, before requesting the token from the service directly.mariusobert, published 2020-03-02
Full Stack TypeScript App for Cloud Foundry - Sample RepositoryFull Stack TypeScript App for Cloud Foundry - Sample RepositoryA whole repository rather than a snippet: a CAP Node.js service and a freestyle SAPUI5 application, both in TypeScript, arranged for Cloud Foundry. The build process gets its own section, which is where a TypeScript full-stack project usually goes wrong.former_member66, published 2021-12-09
Full Stack TypeScript App for Cloud Foundry - Sample Repository
TypeScript patterns changed in @cap-js/cds-typer 0.5.0, 2023-07-25. Affects A recipe, Runnable code.
Taking CAP to the next level - with TypeScriptTaking CAP to the next level - with TypeScriptThe author's own two packages introduced together, and they are two halves of one idea: cds2types generates TypeScript from the CDS model, cds-routing-handlers arranges the handlers that use them. Published in 2020, years before cds-typer, which makes it the earliest answer in the graph to a question the core answered later.published 2020-05-22
Taking CAP to the next level - with TypeScript
cds-routing-handlers: release and repository quiet for 46 months. Affects Runnable code.
debug a CAP app with UI5 TypeScript UI component with VS Codedebug a CAP app with UI5 TypeScript UI component with VS CodeDebugging both runtimes at once — the CAP server and a UI5 component written in TypeScript, the latter stepped through in its own sources rather than in the transpiled output. Written when TypeScript for UI5 had just become possible, and the combination it sets up is the one CAP's app folder invites.published 2021-11-16
Create Automated System Tests for SAP Cloud Application Programming Model ProjectsCreate Automated System Tests for SAP Cloud Application Programming Model ProjectsEnd-to-end tests driving the UI with wdi5, run in the pipeline — the layer above cds.test, which stops at the service boundary.SAP
UI5ers Buzz #56: New full-stack UI5 sample app featuring CAP + OData V4 + draft modeUI5ers Buzz #56: New full-stack UI5 sample app featuring CAP + OData V4 + draft modeA sample app published as code rather than described — SAPUI5 over a CAP service with OData V4 and draft mode — and the note that it was built on what the team learned from an application written in March 2020 to help the German Foreign Office repatriate citizens. That provenance is unusual and worth keeping.AndreasKunz, published 2020-11-06